Around the world, countries are seeking to build greener, more circular economies. Steel is central to that ambition. It is still one of the most widely used materials – but producing it is one of the largest industrial sources of carbon emissions worldwide.

The UK domestic steel industry is the smallest it has been since the 1930s. Production fell to 4 million tonnes in 2024 and 70% of the country’s steel is imported. Despite this, the government’s new steel strategy is hugely important for the country’s future prosperity.

Professor Michael Lewis Professor of Operations Management, University of Bristol & Visiting Professor, University of Bath & Annika Skoglund Associate Professor, Organisation, Technology & Sustainability, University of Bristol

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